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A Handbook of Biology
Nitrogen
base
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Nucleotide
Adenine
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Adenylic
acid
Guanine
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Guanylic
acid
Cytosine
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Cytidylic
acid
Thymine
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Thymidylic
acid
Uracil
+
Sugar
+
Phosphate
=
Uridylic acid
Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) are made up of nucleotides and function
as genetic material.
OH
OH
Adenine
O
OCH2
P
HO
OH
O
Adenylic a cid
Biomolecules having molecular weight greater than 1000 Da include
Proteins
Polysaccharides
Nucleic acids
Molecular weight is in the range of 10,000 Da
and above.
Acid insoluble fraction (macromolecular fraction) includes macromolecules
from cytoplasm and organelles.
Lipid is not strictly a macromolecule as its molecular weight does not exceed
800 Da. But it comes under acid insoluble fraction because many lipids are
arranged into structures like cell membranes. When a tissue is grinded, cell
membranes are broken and form water insoluble vesicles. They cannot be
filtered along acid soluble fraction.